Gender inequalities are a major driving force behind the HIV/AIDS pandemic, and are not exclusive to women. They reflect widely held beliefs, expectations, customs and practices within a society about what it means to be a “man” or “woman.” Depending on society’s perspective on it, gender can increase an individual’s vulnerability to HIV and influence his or her ability to access information about preventive measures, care, support and treatment.

This unit aims to provide a comprehensive overview of some of the key issues that relate to gender and HIV/AIDS. It will explain why it is imperative to take a gendered perspective in HIV/AIDS mitigation to address the disease as well as the importance of using a rights-based approach when addressing gender inequalities, including those that affect men. This unit will also address the necessity of involving men and how partnerships between men and women can help changing gender norms and reduce vulnerability.